Puzzle: Aortic regurgitation

This puzzle is a crossword. The solutions are all clinical features of aortic regurgitation (AR) except for one, which is a characteristic of another murmur.

Across

6 and 4 down.
Name of the mid-diastolic murmur often accompanying AR (caused by the regurgitant stream vibrating the anterior mitral cusp) (6,5)

8
Irishman whose sign describes arterial pulsations in the neck (8)

11
Pulse character in AR (10)

12
Pulse pressure in AR (4)

14
AR is heard loudest with the patient sitting forward in held _ _ _ (10)

16 and 2 Down.
On palpitation, the apex beat is typically _ _ _ and _ _ _ (12,9)

17
See 15 Down

Down

1
Sign describing capillary pulsation visible in the nail beds (8)

2
See 16 Across

3 and 10 Down.
On auscultation, AR is typically heard as an _ _ _-_ _ _ murmur (5,9)

4
See 6 Across

5
Opening _ _ _. Noise heard as the valve suddenly opens with the force of increased left atrial pressure (4)

7
Name of the physician who described a femoral diastolic murmur resulting from blood flow backwards up t the aorta in severe AR (8)

9
See 15 Down

10
See 3 Down

13
Once auscultating AR, diagnosis is confirmed by this imaging technique (4)

15,17 Across and 9 Down.
AR is best heard where over the precordium? (4,7,4)

Now check out the answers.

Taken from the forthcoming Puzzling Out series by Remedica Publishing. For more information or to claim your studentBMJ discount call Rachel on: 020 7554 0741 or contact books@remedica.com



studentBMJ 2005;13:265-308 July ISSN 0966-6494